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Foreword for the current special issue

Mathematical Methods of Decision-Making and Principles of Sustainable Development

Introduction. The post-war reconstruction of economy of Ukraine should fundamentally change the model of the economic development of the country and be carried out on the principles of sustainability, which involves reducing the energy intensity and nature intensity of social production based on innovations. That is why leading experts and scientists are already working on conceptual and applied solutions, which can be used in the future to ensure structural and technological changes in the basic industries of the national economy and promote the active attraction of international investments.

The purpose of this special issue consists in the adaptation of existing mathematical management methods and decision-making tools related to the attraction of investments in the reconstruction of the national economy based on the principles of sustainable development.

Results.The experience of the European Union regarding the taxonomy of sustainable economic activity based on the principles of sustainable financing has been summarized, a system of sustainable development indicators, indicators and indices has been developed, which will become the basis for the selection of investment projects for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine's economy. An overview of the main mathematical methods used in credit screening and scoring tasks was made, and a structural model of the interrelationships of ESG factors, ESG risks, and credit risks through the prism of the economic activity of sustainable investment entities was proposed. Mathematical models have been developed for the assessment of environmental, management, man-made and social components of investment risks, which allow determining optimal strategies for increasing the investment attractiveness of both individual enterprises and regions of the country. For forecasting structural and technological changes, the possibility of using optimization models of the "Input-Output" type in combination with non-smooth optimization methods, their algorithms and software is substantiated. Taking into account the global trend of decarbonization of the economy and the need to reduce the energy intensity of the production of goods and services, a mathematical model was developed to determine the dynamics of the change in the share of green energy in the country's overall energy balance and the methodology for measuring oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gases using a multi-sensor gas analyzer.

Conclusions. The application of the proposed principles, factors, indicators and indicators of sustainable development allows to develop a new theoretical and methodological approach to assessing the risks of sustainable financing using modern mathematical apparatus. The considered mathematical models and methods are a significant scientific contribution to the development of the theory of optimization of complex socio-ecological and economic systems and can become the basis for the formation of modern digital platforms for the comparative analysis of projects in the integrated system of "region-enterprise-industry" factors, the selection of attractive from the point of view of financing projects that will contribute to reducing the harmful impact on the environment, as well as effective risk management during their implementation.

Keywords: optimization theory, mathematical models and methods, principles of sustainable development, sustainable financing and investment, risk management, forecasting of structural and technological changes, mechanisms of decarbonization of the national economy.

ISSN 2707-451X (Online)

ISSN 2707-4501 (Print)

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